Uma sibheka idatha yango-Ephreli, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi ezweni lami kuyalulama, okungcono kunedatha yekota yokuqala. Nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kuthintwe yilolu bhubhane, ngokwezinga eliphelele, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi eShayina bekulokhu kuthatha indawo yokuqala emhlabeni. ULi Xinchuang, uNobhala weKomidi Leqembu kanye noNjiniyela Omkhulu we-Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute, kanye nesazi sangaphandle se-Russian Academy of Natural Sciences muva nje utshele intatheli ye-"China Times" ukuthi: "Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi yaminyaka yonke eShayina kudlule amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1, futhi kube ngumpetha womhlaba ekukhiqizweni kwensimbi iminyaka engama-26 ilandelana.
UZhang Xiaogang, owayengusihlalo we-International Organisation for Standardization kanye nowayengusihlalo we-World Iron and Steel Association, utshele intatheli ye-China Times ukuthi, “Imboni yensimbi yaseShayina yanamuhla isifinyelele eqophelweni elisha lomlando. Isikhathi esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi.”
I-China Steel ibilokhu ingumpetha womhlaba ekukhiqizweni kwensimbi iminyaka engama-26 ilandelana
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni yensimbi nensimbi yaseShayina ifinyelele intuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu.
Emhlanganweni wokugubha iminyaka engama-50 we-Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute obanjwe muva nje, uLi Xinchuang utshele intatheli evela e-China Times ukuthi kusukela kumathani angu-158,000 okukhishwa kwensimbi ngo-1949 kuya kumathani angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 ngo-1996, i-China ibhekane nokushoda kwensimbi kanye nensimbi encane. Isimo esibucayi sase-China sikhuphukele ekubeni ngumkhiqizi wensimbi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni. Manje ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kwaminyaka yonke e-China kudlule amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1, futhi kube ngumpetha womhlaba ekukhiqizweni kwensimbi iminyaka engama-26 ilandelana; i-China Steel yakhe imboni yensimbi ephelele kakhulu futhi enkulu kunazo zonke ohlelweni lwezimboni zomhlaba; ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthuka kwemishini yezobuchwepheshe, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, ikhwalithi ehlukahlukene, ubuhlakani obuluhlaza, njll.
UZhang Xiaogang, owayengusihlalo we-International Organisation for Standardization kanye nowayengusihlalo we-World Iron and Steel Association, uthe emhlanganweni ukuthi insimbi ibizwa ngokuthi “okusanhlamvu kwezimboni” futhi iyimboni ebalulekile yomnotho wezwe. Ngaphandle kwemboni eqinile yensimbi, akunakwenzeka ukuba nesisekelo somnotho esiqinile kanye nokuzivikela kwezwe. “Iphupho lensimbi” kanye “nephupho lezwe eliqinile” abantu bensimbi abebelijaha kusukela esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye, okwenza imboni yensimbi ibe nkulu, ibe ngcono futhi iqine yileli “phupho lezwe eliqinile” abantu bensimbi abebelijaha kusukela esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye. Eminyakeni engama-50 edlule, iShayina ishintshe ukubukeka kwayo okudala, futhi ilokhu inciphisa igebe namazwe athuthukile emhlabeni. Umnotho nomphakathi kuye kwashintsha kakhulu, kanti imboni yensimbi yaseShayina nayo ifinyelele impumelelo edumile emhlabeni. Lokhu akuhlukaniseki nemboni yensimbi yaseShayina, abantu bensimbi yaseShayina kanye nokuhlela kwesayensi kanye nesiqondiso semboni.
“Ukuze siqonde kahle isimo semboni yensimbi yaseShayina,” kusho uLi Xinchuang ukuthi imboni yensimbi ingenye yezimboni ezincintisana kakhulu emhlabeni wonke eShayina, kanti iShayina inemakethe yesidingo sasekhaya esikhulu nesisebenzayo kakhulu. Ngo-2021, isidingo sensimbi yasekhaya sizoba phezulu ngamaphesenti angu-9.49 amathani ayizigidi eziyi-100, kanti isabelo semakethe yasekhaya sensimbi yasekhaya sifinyelela ku-98.5%. IShayina inobuchwepheshe bamuva kanye nemishini ethuthukisiwe kakhulu, enezitofu zokuqhuma ezithuthukisiwe ezingama-5000 m3 nangaphezulu; ama-converter athuthukisiwe angama-300t nangaphezulu, ubuchwepheshe bokucima ukushisa kwendle obuhamba phambili emhlabeni obuyimitha eyi-100, i-Ansteel Bayuquan engu-5500mm ububanzi kanye ne-plate rolling mill obukhulu, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa i-casting kanye ne-rolling obuseduze nokuqeda.
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi maqondana nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu, ngesikhathi "se-13th Five-Year Plan", ikhwalithi ebonakalayo yemikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-50 ifinyelele ezingeni lekhwalithi ebonakalayo ethuthukisiwe emhlabeni wonke. Insimbi ye-silicon egxile kokusanhlamvu yase-China Baowu ifinyelele umkhawulo ohamba phambili jikelele; I-Taigang Stainless inobuchwepheshe obungaphezu kuka-800 obuyinhloko, obuhola ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali ephezulu emhlabeni; i-Anshan Iron and Steel's high-strength rails, amapuleti ka-Hegang aqine kakhulu, insimbi yokuthwala i-Xingcheng Special Steel, amapayipi ensimbi yekhabhoni eqembu le-Ruixiang Steel kanye neminye imikhiqizo ifinyelele ezingeni elihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke. Ngokuphathelene nokufakwa esikhundleni sokungenisa, kusukela ngo-2010, inani lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe lemikhiqizo yensimbi esezingeni eliphezulu enentengo yeyunithi engaphezu kwamaRandi angu-2,000 ase-US lidlule inani lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-10-2022